mkdir /incero
cd /incero
wget http://download.adaptec.com/raid/storage_manager/asm_linux_x64_v6_50_18579.tgz
tar -zxf asm_linux_x64_v6_50_18579.tgz
rm -f asm_linux_x64_v6_50_18579.tgz
cd cmdline/
chmod +x arcconf
yum -y install compat-libstdc++-33
./arcconf getconfig 1 AL

If you wish for your server to email you if an array becomes sub optimal you can use a script like the one posted by “quad3datwork” here: http://www.sysadmintalk.net/forums/Thread-CentOS-Adaptec-RAID-2405-arcconf-monitoring

Incero clients with our management services need not worry about RAID health, as it is constantly monitored 24/7 along with load and other server health parameters by our staff.

The correct method of reloading httpd.conf would be to use “reload”, reload does not stop Apache from running, so no visitors are turned away, it simply reloads the configuration files and reparses any perl .pm files.

Usage: service httpd reload

Example:
[scoobydoo@server11 public_html]# service httpd reload
Reloading httpd:                                           [  OK  ]

[root@server27 csf]# sh install.sh
Configuring for OS
Checking for perl modulesfailed
You need to install the LWP perl module (libwww-perl) and then install csf

To correct this on a CentOS system, simply run the following command to install Perl:

yum install perl-libwww-perl

It will prompt you with the packages it will install, if all looks good then choose “Y” for yes.

[root@server27 csf]# yum install perl-libwww-perl
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * addons: mirror.raystedman.net
 * base: centos.omnispring.com
 * extras: centos.mirror.netriplex.com
 * rpmforge: fr2.rpmfind.net
 * updates: centos.aol.com
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package perl-libwww-perl.noarch 0:5.805-1.1.1 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: perl-HTML-Parser >= 3.33 for package: perl-libwww-perl
--> Processing Dependency: perl(URI::URL) for package: perl-libwww-perl
--> Processing Dependency: perl(URI) for package: perl-libwww-perl
--> Processing Dependency: perl(HTML::Entities) for package: perl-libwww-perl
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Compress::Zlib) for package: perl-libwww-perl
--> Processing Dependency: perl(URI::Heuristic) for package: perl-libwww-perl
--> Processing Dependency: perl(URI::Escape) for package: perl-libwww-perl
--> Running transaction check
---> Package perl-HTML-Parser.x86_64 0:3.68-1.el5.rf set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: perl(HTML::Tagset) >= 3 for package: perl-HTML-Parser
---> Package perl-IO-Compress.noarch 0:2.024-1.el5.rf set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Compress::Raw::Bzip2) = 2.024 for package: perl-IO-Compress
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Compress::Raw::Zlib) = 2.024 for package: perl-IO-Compress
---> Package perl-URI.noarch 0:1.35-3 set to be updated
--> Running transaction check
---> Package perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86_64 0:2.024-1.el5.rf set to be updated
---> Package perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64 0:2.024-1.el5.rf set to be updated
---> Package perl-HTML-Tagset.noarch 0:3.20-1.el5.rf set to be updated
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

===============================================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                                     Arch                                       Version                                             Repository                                    Size
===============================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 perl-libwww-perl                                            noarch                                     5.805-1.1.1                                         base                                         376 k
Installing for dependencies:
 perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2                                     x86_64                                     2.024-1.el5.rf                                      rpmforge                                     110 k
 perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib                                      x86_64                                     2.024-1.el5.rf                                      rpmforge                                     178 k
 perl-HTML-Parser                                            x86_64                                     3.68-1.el5.rf                                       rpmforge                                     151 k
 perl-HTML-Tagset                                            noarch                                     3.20-1.el5.rf                                       rpmforge                                      14 k
 perl-IO-Compress                                            noarch                                     2.024-1.el5.rf                                      rpmforge                                     242 k
 perl-URI                                                    noarch                                     1.35-3                                              base                                         116 k

Transaction Summary
===============================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install       7 Package(s)
Upgrade       0 Package(s)

Total download size: 1.2 M
Is this ok [y/N]:

Once you choose “Y” your packages will download and install:

Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/7): perl-HTML-Tagset-3.20-1.el5.rf.noarch.rpm                                                                                                                                        |  14 kB     00:00
(2/7): perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.024-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                | 110 kB     00:00
(3/7): perl-URI-1.35-3.noarch.rpm                                                                                                                                                       | 116 kB     00:00
(4/7): perl-HTML-Parser-3.68-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                        | 151 kB     00:00
(5/7): perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.024-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                 | 178 kB     00:00
(6/7): perl-IO-Compress-2.024-1.el5.rf.noarch.rpm                                                                                                                                       | 242 kB     00:00
(7/7): perl-libwww-perl-5.805-1.1.1.noarch.rpm                                                                                                                                          | 376 kB     00:00
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                                                                                                                                          343 kB/s | 1.2 MB     00:03
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
 Installing     : perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib                                                                                                                                                                  1/7
 Installing     : perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2                                                                                                                                                                 2/7
 Installing     : perl-IO-Compress                                                                                                                                                                        3/7
 Installing     : perl-HTML-Tagset                                                                                                                                                                        4/7
 Installing     : perl-HTML-Parser                                                                                                                                                                        5/7
 Installing     : perl-URI                                                                                                                                                                                6/7
 Installing     : perl-libwww-perl                                                                                                                                                                        7/7

Installed:
 perl-libwww-perl.noarch 0:5.805-1.1.1

Dependency Installed:
 perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86_64 0:2.024-1.el5.rf        perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64 0:2.024-1.el5.rf        perl-HTML-Parser.x86_64 0:3.68-1.el5.rf        perl-HTML-Tagset.noarch 0:3.20-1.el5.rf
 perl-IO-Compress.noarch 0:2.024-1.el5.rf               perl-URI.noarch 0:1.35-3

Complete!

Now you can install CSF firewall, or anything else requiring PERL:

[root@server27 csf]# ./install.sh

Configuring for OS

Checking for perl modulesok
Running csf generic installer
Installing generic csf and lfd
Check we're running as root

mkdir: created directory `/etc/csf'
mkdir: created directory `/etc/csf/zone'
mkdir: created directory `/etc/csf/stats'
`csf.generic.conf' -> `/etc/csf/csf.conf'
`csf.allow' -> `/etc/csf/./csf.allow'
`csf.deny' -> `/etc/csf/./csf.deny'
`csf.dirwatch' -> `/etc/csf/./csf.dirwatch'
`csf.ignore' -> `/etc/csf/./csf.ignore'
`csf.generic.pignore' -> `/etc/csf/csf.pignore'
`csf.rignore' -> `/etc/csf/./csf.rignore'
`csf.fignore' -> `/etc/csf/./csf.fignore'
`csf.signore' -> `/etc/csf/./csf.signore'
`csf.suignore' -> `/etc/csf/./csf.suignore'
`csf.mignore' -> `/etc/csf/./csf.mignore'
`csf.sips' -> `/etc/csf/./csf.sips'
`csf.dyndns' -> `/etc/csf/./csf.dyndns'
`alert.txt' -> `/etc/csf/./alert.txt'
`logfloodalert.txt' -> `/etc/csf/./logfloodalert.txt'
`integrityalert.txt' -> `/etc/csf/./integrityalert.txt'
`exploitalert.txt' -> `/etc/csf/./exploitalert.txt'
`tracking.txt' -> `/etc/csf/./tracking.txt'
`connectiontracking.txt' -> `/etc/csf/./connectiontracking.txt'
`processtracking.txt' -> `/etc/csf/./processtracking.txt'
`accounttracking.txt' -> `/etc/csf/./accounttracking.txt'
`usertracking.txt' -> `/etc/csf/./usertracking.txt'
`sshalert.txt' -> `/etc/csf/./sshalert.txt'
`sualert.txt' -> `/etc/csf/./sualert.txt'
`scriptalert.txt' -> `/etc/csf/./scriptalert.txt'
`filealert.txt' -> `/etc/csf/./filealert.txt'
`watchalert.txt' -> `/etc/csf/./watchalert.txt'
`loadalert.txt' -> `/etc/csf/./loadalert.txt'
`resalert.txt' -> `/etc/csf/./resalert.txt'
`portscan.txt' -> `/etc/csf/./portscan.txt'
`permblock.txt' -> `/etc/csf/./permblock.txt'
`netblock.txt' -> `/etc/csf/./netblock.txt'
`messenger' -> `/etc/csf/./messenger'
`messenger/index.text' -> `/etc/csf/./messenger/index.text'
`messenger/index.html' -> `/etc/csf/./messenger/index.html'
`messenger/csf_small.png' -> `/etc/csf/./messenger/csf_small.png'
`portknocking.txt' -> `/etc/csf/./portknocking.txt'
`regex.custom.pm' -> `/etc/csf/./regex.custom.pm'
`lfd.logrotate' -> `/etc/logrotate.d/lfd'
`csfcron.sh' -> `/etc/cron.d/csfcron.sh'
`lfdcron.sh' -> `/etc/cron.d/lfdcron.sh'
`csf.pl' -> `/etc/csf/csf.pl'
`csfui.pl' -> `/etc/csf/csfui.pl'
`csftest.pl' -> `/etc/csf/csftest.pl'
`lfd.pl' -> `/etc/csf/lfd.pl'
`regex.pm' -> `/etc/csf/regex.pm'
`servercheck.pm' -> `/etc/csf/servercheck.pm'
`readme.txt' -> `/etc/csf/readme.txt'
`sanity.txt' -> `/etc/csf/sanity.txt'
`x-arf.txt' -> `/etc/csf/x-arf.txt'
`changelog.txt' -> `/etc/csf/changelog.txt'
`install.txt' -> `/etc/csf/install.txt'
`version.txt' -> `/etc/csf/version.txt'
`license.txt' -> `/etc/csf/license.txt'
`uninstall.generic.sh' -> `/etc/csf/uninstall.sh'
`remove_apf_bfd.sh' -> `/etc/csf/remove_apf_bfd.sh'
`lfd.sh' -> `/etc/init.d/lfd'
`csf.sh' -> `/etc/init.d/csf'
`Net' -> `/etc/csf/Net'
`Net/CIDR' -> `/etc/csf/Net/CIDR'
`Net/CIDR/Lite.pm' -> `/etc/csf/Net/CIDR/Lite.pm'
`Sys' -> `/etc/csf/Sys'
`Sys/Hostname' -> `/etc/csf/Sys/Hostname'
`Sys/Hostname/Long.pm' -> `/etc/csf/Sys/Hostname/Long.pm'
`File' -> `/etc/csf/File'
`File/Type' -> `/etc/csf/File/Type'
`File/Type/Builder.pm' -> `/etc/csf/File/Type/Builder.pm'
`File/Type.pm' -> `/etc/csf/File/Type.pm'
`IP' -> `/etc/csf/IP'
`IP/Authority' -> `/etc/csf/IP/Authority'
`IP/Authority/auth.gif' -> `/etc/csf/IP/Authority/auth.gif'
`IP/Authority/._auth.gif' -> `/etc/csf/IP/Authority/._auth.gif'
`IP/Authority/ipauth.gif' -> `/etc/csf/IP/Authority/ipauth.gif'
`IP/Authority/._ipauth.gif' -> `/etc/csf/IP/Authority/._ipauth.gif'
`IP/._Authority.pm' -> `/etc/csf/IP/._Authority.pm'
`IP/Country' -> `/etc/csf/IP/Country'
`IP/Country/._Medium.pm' -> `/etc/csf/IP/Country/._Medium.pm'
`IP/Country/._MaxMind.pm' -> `/etc/csf/IP/Country/._MaxMind.pm'
`IP/Country/MaxMind.pm' -> `/etc/csf/IP/Country/MaxMind.pm'
`IP/Country/Fast' -> `/etc/csf/IP/Country/Fast'
`IP/Country/Fast/cc.gif' -> `/etc/csf/IP/Country/Fast/cc.gif'
`IP/Country/Fast/._ip.gif' -> `/etc/csf/IP/Country/Fast/._ip.gif'
`IP/Country/Fast/._cc.gif' -> `/etc/csf/IP/Country/Fast/._cc.gif'
`IP/Country/Fast/ip.gif' -> `/etc/csf/IP/Country/Fast/ip.gif'
`IP/Country/Medium.pm' -> `/etc/csf/IP/Country/Medium.pm'
`IP/Country/._Slow.pm' -> `/etc/csf/IP/Country/._Slow.pm'
`IP/Country/Slow.pm' -> `/etc/csf/IP/Country/Slow.pm'
`IP/Country/._Fast.pm' -> `/etc/csf/IP/Country/._Fast.pm'
`IP/Country/Fast.pm' -> `/etc/csf/IP/Country/Fast.pm'
`IP/Country.pm' -> `/etc/csf/IP/Country.pm'
`IP/Authority.pm' -> `/etc/csf/IP/Authority.pm'
`Geography' -> `/etc/csf/Geography'
`Geography/Countries.pm' -> `/etc/csf/Geography/Countries.pm'
`Crypt' -> `/etc/csf/Crypt'
`Crypt/CBC.pm' -> `/etc/csf/Crypt/CBC.pm'
`Crypt/Blowfish_PP.pm' -> `/etc/csf/Crypt/Blowfish_PP.pm'
chmod: cannot access `/var/log/lfd.log*': No such file or directory
mode of `/etc/csf/uninstall.sh' changed to 0700 (rwx------)
mode of `/etc/csf/csf.pl' changed to 0700 (rwx------)
mode of `/etc/csf/csfui.pl' changed to 0700 (rwx------)
mode of `/etc/csf/csftest.pl' changed to 0700 (rwx------)
mode of `/etc/csf/servercheck.pm' changed to 0700 (rwx------)
mode of `/etc/csf/lfd.pl' changed to 0700 (rwx------)
mode of `/etc/init.d/lfd' changed to 0700 (rwx------)
mode of `/etc/init.d/csf' changed to 0700 (rwx------)
mode of `/etc/cron.d/lfdcron.sh' changed to 0644 (rw-r--r--)
mode of `/etc/cron.d/csfcron.sh' changed to 0644 (rw-r--r--)
create symbolic link `/usr/sbin/csf' to `/etc/csf/csf.pl'
create symbolic link `/usr/sbin/lfd' to `/etc/csf/lfd.pl'

TCP ports currently listening for incoming connections:
22,80,111,957,3306

UDP ports currently listening for incoming connections:
111,631,951,954,5353,42114,50599

Note: The port details above are for information only, csf hasn't been auto-configured.

Don't forget to:
1. Configure the TCP_IN, TCP_OUT, UDP_IN and UDP_OUT options in the csf configuration to suite your server
2. Restart csf and lfd
3. Set TESTING to 0 once you're happy with the firewall

Adding current SSH session IP address to the csf whitelist in csf.allow:
Adding 91.77.128.14 to csf.allow only while in TESTING mode (not iptables ACCEPT)
*WARNING* TESTING mode is enabled - do not forget to disable it in the configuration

Installation Completed

The web based control panel for the IPMI and KVM, which works even when the server is offline, allows complete remote control over the system. My favorite feature is the KVM for remote console access along with the ability to mount remotely hosted iso images as a local cdrom. The combination of these features allow you to completely reload an operating system remotely, and complete countless other tasks which previously have required physical access.

Click on each image to see the larger version:

The final screenshot, shown below, shows the IPMIVIEW desktop software, which can be used instead of the browser based control panel if desired.

/scripts/phpextensionmgr install IonCubeL oader

It will output something like this:

Updating md5sum list
Fetching http://httpupdate.cpanel.net/cpanelsync/easy/targz.yaml (0)….@75.127. 84.226……connected……receiving…100%……Done
Downloading tarball for IonCubeLoader
Fetching http://httpupdate.cpanel.net/cpanelsync/easy/targz/Cpanel/Easy/IonCubeL oader.pm.tar.gz.linux-generic-64 (0)….@75.127.84.226……connected……recei ving…2%…4%…6%…8%…10%…12%…15%…17%…19%…21%…23%…25%…28%.. .30%…32%…34%…36%…38%…41%…43%…45%…47%…49%…51%…54%…56%…5 8%…60%…62%…64%…67%…69%…71%…73%…75%…77%…80%…82%…84%…86% …88%…90%…93%…95%…97%…99%…100%……Done
Installing IonCubeLoader
Creating install directory at /usr/local/IonCube
Determining PHP version
Installing IonCube Loader binaries
Activating IonCube Loader extension in /usr/local/lib/php.ini
IonCube Loader extension activated

You can then check that it is indeed installed by entering this command via ssh:

php -v

Which will output something like this:

PHP 5.2.9 (cli) (built: Feb 23 2010 19:52:35)
Copyright (c) 1997-2009 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v2.2.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2009 Zend Technologies
with the ionCube PHP Loader v3.3.10, Copyright (c) 2002-2009, by ionCube Ltd.

There are plenty of other methods to install IonCube Loader, but this simple Cpanel script seems to be the easiest. Many scripts, like our media hotlinking protection script, make use of IonCube Loader to run Zend protected PHP source code.

System memory can be defective without being overly apparent, allowing you to install your operating system and use it normally for a period of time. After a while programs may begin to crash unexpectedly, and other system errors may occur.

By running Memtest86 before shipping the servers to the datacenter we have saved ourselves countless hours of remotely debugging the issue and coordinating a replacement of the hardware.

Memtest86 is free and can be downloaded as a bootable iso and in many other formats here. It is also bundled on Ubunutu installation disks, just boot from the cd/dvd and run the “memory test” option.

Below is a screenshot detailing over 400,000 memory errors. Working memory should not return any errors at all, one single error is cause for concern.

Check out the Memtest86 website for more details on how to determine which memory module is at fault, and whether your bios or voltage settings may be to blame.

Log in to FrontView (at the ip of your server /admin, e.g. 192.168.0.100/admin), select volumes in the left hand menu, select the iSCSI tab.

Click the expand button for the volume you want to expand.

Enter the desired capacity and then click apply.

Once the expansion is complete you will need to then extend the volume in disk management in Windows Control Panel.

Open disk management.

Right click on the existing volume, and select Extend Volume.

The wizard will pop up, click next.

Choose the volume, and enter how much you want to extend it by. In this case it was 100GB and I am extending it by 100GB.

The volume will extend.

You can use the cat and mail commands to email the contents of the script to yourself like so:

cat fileyouwant.sh | mail -s “Email subject is here,  script” youremail@domain.com

We used cat with pipe ( | ) to read the contents of the file and pass it to the mail command. We set the subject of the email using the -s parameter, and specified the email address at the end of the mail command.

Installing MRTG or other software is not always desirable or possible. I created the shell script below to output the eth0 outbound transfer rate in bytes/second. To calculate megabits per second simply divide the output by 131072.

You could post the data to a remote URL (e.g. a master health server) or write it to an xml file for reading by remote server or app, etc.

The speed returned is the average throughput over a 55 second period, you can adjust this as needed. Tested on CentOS 5.

#!/bin/bash
txfirst=`ifconfig eth0 | grep “TX bytes:” | cut -d “:” -f3 | cut -d ” ” -f1`
datefirst=`date +%s`
loop=1
while [ loop=1 ]
do
txnew=`ifconfig eth0 | grep “TX bytes:” | cut -d “:” -f3 | cut -d ” ” -f1`
datenew=`date +%s`

if [ $txnew -gt $txfirst ]
then
transferred=$((txnew-txfirst))
timelapsed=$((datenew-datefirst))
if [ $x > 0 ]
then
bytessec=$(($transferred/$timelapsed))
echo “$bytessec bytes/sec”
fi
txfirst=$((txnew))
datefirst=$((datenew))
else
txfirst=$((txnew))
datefirst=$((datenew))

fi
sleep 55
x=$(($x+1))
done

iSCSI offers block level access to your network storage, resulting in much improved performance versus traditional network storage protocols. The block level access means that iSCSI storage can be used with databases, etc.

Setting up the iSCSI target on the ReadyNAS was rather simple, and is explained here: http://www.readynas.com/?page_id=772

Setting up access to the iSCSI target that you just created in Vista is also fairly simple and is explained (with one omission) here: http://www.readynas.com/?page_id=809

In the article above it states that when you open disk management program the “initialize new disk” dialogue should appear. It did not appear for me, and it is poorly documented as to how to initialize a new disk which must be done before you can format the disk and assign it a drive letter.

To initialize the disk in Windows Vista, after setting up the iSCSI settings in “Control Panel” do the following:

1. Right click on your “Computer” and select “Manage.”

2. Select “Disk Management” on the left.

3. Scroll through the bottom area which displays your disks. Then right click the red plus sign on the Disk that needs to be initialized (Disk 5 in my case) and select “Initialize Disk.”

4. Unless you need otherwise, the default setting of MBR is most likely fine.

Now your disk has been initialized and can be formatted and mapped to a drive letter, which you can do like so:

1. Right click on the newly initialized disk and select “New Simple Volume.”

2. Navigate through the options, and assign a label and letter for your drive.

3. Your iSCSI volume is now formatted and mapped to a drive letter.

If when setting up the iSCSI target/discovery in your computer’s “Control Panel” you set the iSCSI target to be reconnected on each boot, the disk will always be available each time you reboot.

As for performance, small transfers (less than a couple of hundred megabytes) are copied extremely fast at about 120MB/sec (the full gigabit capacity of our network).

For larger file transfers the process starts out fast and then about half way through the process it slows down and eventually ends up at around 30MB/sec (approximately 240mbit).

These speeds are a lot faster than the 12MB/sec we get on our traditionally connected network volume on the same NAS.